Texas Tax Overview โ What Workers Need to Know
Texas is the second-largest state by both population (30.5 million) and GDP, and it levies zero state personal income tax on wages, salaries, and self-employment earnings. This policy is enshrined in the Texas Constitution, and in November 2023, voters overwhelmingly approved Proposition 4, which added an explicit constitutional amendment permanently prohibiting a state income tax โ making it even harder to reverse than Florida's provision. Texas funds its government primarily through sales taxes (6.25% state rate, up to 8.25% with local additions), property taxes (which are among the highest in the nation at an effective average of 1.60%), and oil and natural gas severance taxes. For workers, the absence of state income tax means a $70,000 salary in Texas produces approximately $2,800โ$4,200 more in annual take-home pay compared to states with 4%โ6% income tax rates. However, Texas's high property tax rates partially offset this advantage for homeowners โ a $350,000 home in Texas typically incurs $5,600 in annual property taxes versus $3,010 in Florida for the same value. Texas has no state capital gains tax, no estate tax, and no inheritance tax, making it attractive for both wage earners and investors.
Texas Tax Structure (2026)
| Tax Type | Rate | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| State Income Tax | 0% | Constitutionally prohibited (Prop 4, 2023) |
| State Sales Tax | 6.25% | Local jurisdictions add up to 2% (max 8.25%) |
| Property Tax (avg) | 1.60% | Among highest in US โ no cap on assessed value increases |
| Corporate Franchise Tax | 0.375%โ0.75% | Margin tax on businesses with revenue >$2.47M |
| Estate/Inheritance Tax | 0% | No state-level estate or inheritance tax |
Key Facts About Texas Taxes
- Proposition 4 (2023) permanently banned state income tax via constitutional amendment
- Property taxes average 1.60% โ 3rd highest in the US, offsetting income tax savings for homeowners
- No state capital gains tax โ investment income is only subject to federal rates
- Sales tax exemptions cover groceries, prescription drugs, and over-the-counter medicines
- Texas has no corporate income tax but levies a margin (franchise) tax on businesses exceeding $2.47M revenue
$73,035 (2023 ACS)
93.9 (6.1% below national average)