California Tax Overview โ What Workers Need to Know
California has the highest state income tax rate in the United States, with a top marginal rate of 13.3% on income exceeding $1 million (plus an additional 1% mental health services surtax above $1M, bringing the effective top rate to 14.4%). The state uses a highly progressive bracket system with 9 tax brackets ranging from 1% on the first $10,756 of taxable income to 13.3% on income above $1 million for single filers. For a worker earning $60,000 per year, California's effective state income tax rate is approximately 4.36%, resulting in roughly $2,616 in state tax withholding โ money that would go directly into your pocket in states like Florida or Texas. California also levies a 7.25% base sales tax (the highest state-level sales tax in the US), with local additions pushing rates to 9.5%โ10.75% in many cities. Despite these high tax rates, California's economy is the largest of any US state and the 5th largest in the world, with a GDP exceeding $4 trillion. The state's major industries โ technology, entertainment, agriculture, and biotech โ drive a median household income of $91,905, the 5th highest nationally. Workers considering relocation should weigh California's higher earning potential against its significantly higher tax burden and cost of living (index: 142.2, or 42% above the national average).
California Tax Structure (2026)
| Tax Type | Rate | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| State Income Tax | 1% โ 13.3% | 9 progressive brackets; +1% surtax above $1M |
| State Sales Tax | 7.25% | Highest base rate in US; local additions to 10.75% |
| Property Tax (avg) | 0.71% | Prop 13 caps assessed value increases at 2%/year |
| Capital Gains Tax | Same as income | No preferential rate โ taxed as ordinary income |
| Estate/Inheritance Tax | 0% | No state-level estate or inheritance tax |
Key Facts About California Taxes
- Highest state income tax in the US: 13.3% top rate (+1% mental health surtax above $1M)
- California taxes capital gains as ordinary income โ no preferential rate for long-term gains
- Proposition 13 (1978) caps property tax at 1% of purchase price with 2% annual increase limit
- 7.25% base sales tax is the highest state-level rate in America
- Despite high taxes, CA has the 5th-highest median household income nationally ($91,905)
$91,905 (2023 ACS)
142.2 (42.2% above national average)